Hydraulic pump and system



April 20, 1926.

C. E. H. LLOYD HYDRAULIC PUMP AND SYSTEM Filed June 30, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 20, 1926. 1,581,582

C. E. H. LLOYD HYDRAULIC PUMP AND SYSTEM Filed June 30. l924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f I 2 0/61 (k/ 1 942; LZoVo Patented Apr. 20, 1 926.

UNITYEDYSTA'IYES PATENT oFFlcE.

CHARLES E. H; LLOYD, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

HYDRAULIC rum? AND srs'rnu.

' a lication med June 30,1924. Serial 1%. 723,199.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that .LCHAIELES E. H..LLOYi),..-

a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of LosAngeles, State of California, have invented a new and useful Hydraulic Pump and System, of

bottom of a deep well, such as, for example,

a California oil well.

It is an object of this invention to provide a pump suitable to be secured at thejlower end of-a string oftubing through whlch oil may be delivered, the said tubing being carried to any desired depth of submergence, and the plunger of the submerged-pump being reciprocated by'means of an operating fluid delivered alternately above and below a piston rigidly connected with said plunger and operating in a cylinder or a working barrel of suitable diameter, the operating fluid being preferably alternately driven in opposite directions through a pair of pipes extending to the surface of the ground; and, in a preferred embodiment of my invention, one of said pipes may be carried through the mentioned reciprocating piston, and the latter may also be rovided with unique packing hereinafter escribed.

Although the operating fluid emplo ed in my pump may be of any preferred c aracte'r, when the same is employed in an oil well, I consider it advantageous to simplify all problems of leakage and lubrication; by using, as an operating fluid, an oil, such as a partially or completely refined lowerboiling fraction obtained from the oil pumped; and although the desired pulsations or alternating movements of the operating liquid may be obtained in any desired manner, my invention may comprise also n'ovel means hereinafter described for forcing the operatingliquid downward, first in one and then in the other of two operating fluid pipes carried into the upper end of the submerged pump.

My invention comprises also certain features of valve control and pressure control 111 specific combination as herelnatter set for h,

. Other objects of my invention will appear from the following description of alternative embodiments thereof, taken in connection with the appended claims and the accompanying drawings, in which Fig.1 is a substantially central but somewhat diagrammatic section through the working barrel, plunger and associated submerged partsof a pump embodying my invention, all details of packing and gland construction being omitted or shown conventionally.

Fi 2 illustrates a horizontal section sub stantlally 0n-the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows an advantageous type of packing hereinafter referred to.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of an organization comprising a pump of the character shown in Fig. 1, in association with one advantageous type of head for operating the same, by a liquid under pressiiie.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic View inserted merelyto illustrate certain principles of operation hereinafter discussed as'especially suitable for use in my novel ump.

Referring first to the detai s of construc-,

tion illustrated in Figs.1, 2 and 3, 11 may be a plunger in the form of a substantially cylindricalbody provided at its lower end with a valve 12, this plunger being longitudinally movable-relatively to a pump barrel comprising a cylinder 13, within which said plunger is movable by means of a ,pis-

. ton 14, preferably integral therewith orrigidly secured thereto. The upper and lower ,ends of the cylinder 13 may have threaded engagement with heads 15 and 16, throu h which the plunger at 11 reciprocates; an a sub 17, or its equivalent, secured to the lower head 16 may be provided with a standing valve 18, adapted to prevent any return or downward movement of oil or other liquid therethrough. By the construction referred to, suitable packing may be provided at 19 and 20, to prevent leakage" between the plunger 11 and the fixed heads 15, 16, any reciprocation of the plunger 11 bein efiective to lift oil through the entire string 21, with which the upper head 15 may beconnected by an upper sub 22.

To provide for the hydraulic reciprocation of the piston 14, or its equivalent, I ma introduce an operating fluid firstthrougi one and then through the other of the substanti ally parallel pipes 23, 24, both. of the e pipes being carried through the upper head and apart or extension of one of said any preferred type of packing may beretained at 19 and 20 by the gland bushings 28, 29, I consider it advantageous to employ metallic packing of the general character shown in Fig. 3, a convex packing ring .39 and a superimposed concave ring.31 of corresponding taper being preferably associ ated with rings rectangular in .cross-sectional outline, such as the outerring 32 provided at the inner edge thereof with a groove or channel to receive an inner ring 33. TThe diagonally cut endsof the respective rings are preferably stag ered, in a known manner, the entire assem ly of unlike rings being duplicated or repeated as extensively as may be found necessary to assure continuous and reliable operation, without occasioning withdrawal for replacementor repair.

Although an organization embodying the features above referred to maybe comparatively complex, as in the case of a plant equipped not only for the recovery of a raw oil, but for the refining thereof (in which case the raw oil may be carried, for ex-' ample, through storage tanks toa still, from which a suitable condensate or residue may be taken for use as an operating fluid maintained under pressure and driven alternately in opposite directions through the pipes 23, 24, or their equivalents), essential principles of-operation of my invention. may" perhaps be best understood by the consideration of a purely schematic representation of a comparatively sim le embodiment thereof, as illustrated in ig. .5. In this figure, the pipes123 and 24 are shown as respectively connected with opposite ends of a cylinder 34, within which is reclprocated an actuating piston 35, the movements of the pump plunger 11' being dependent upon the IGCIPI'OCiltlOILOf this piston 35', as by means of a rod 36. The latter may be driven backward and forward in any desired way, the use of a rotating cam 37 being suggested primarily because of its pictorial simplicity and because a cam groove 38 may be varied in design to control'the timing of the respective up and down strokes in any desired manner. All parts of the operating system maybe kept constantly filled with the selected oil, or with any preferred operating fluid, and leakage and expansion maybe compensated for by any suitable means, as by providing inwardly opening valves .39, 4O

iston 14 and preferably at or near the op osite ends of the cylinder 34. Pressure withinthis system may belimited in any suitable way, as by the employment of a pressure valve 41 in any suitable pipe orpipes of the system," an outlet valve being shown as'connected with a return pipe 42,fwhich may lead toward a pres sure fluid'isupply tank 43, kept'under any suitable pressure and connected with the mentioned inwardly opening valves 39, 40, as by pi es 44, 45.

' Instea of producing pressure by means of the piston 35, or its equivalent, I may, as illustrated in Fig.- 4, einploy means such as a piston 35' primarily for the purpose of timing the alternations of pressure on opposite sides of the piston 14 associatedwith the plunger 11,.driving power being in this case supplied by the maintenance of a suitable pressure in a primary reservoir or supply tank 43', into which the operating fluid may be forcedby means such as a pump P. In this embodiment of my invention, valves '46, 47, leading respectively to the channels that when the operating fluid is forced downwardly in one of the pipes 23, 24, it

.must-be permitted to rise through the other ofsaid pipes, as by allowing it to return to one or the other of the chambers 48, 49.

i To control-the reciprocation of the piston 50, I may employ means such as a three-way val've'56, an entrance port to this valve being connected with a branch 57 from the pipe 58, through which the pressure fluid is supplied, and passages 59, 60 being provided between said valve and the respectivechambers 62 on opposite. sides of the valve piston 50, the passages 59 and 60 being adapted to serve alternately as inlet and outlet passages, according to the position of the valve 56;and the exhaust from one or the other of the chambers 62, being permittedto exit in any suitable way, as through an inner sleeve 63 of the valve 56. The latter is shown as provided with an operating arm 64, to

which movements in opposite directions may be imparted by means such'as tappets 65, 66

ast I this on a sliding rod 67, the latter being in turn movable by successive and alternating engagements of the arms 68, 69, adjustably mounted on opposite ends of the piston rod 70, rigidly connected with the piston 35,

sliding rod 67.

It will be obvious thativhen the piston'l l,

or its equivalent, is moved alternately in opposite directions by means of pressure transmitted directly or indirectly from a'reserw voir 43 or its equivalent, the o-p-erativeness of my device is conditioned upon the provision'of some suitable means permitting the return or escape of used portions of'operating fluid after power has been derived from the motion thereof. For this last mgntioned purpose, any suitably timed or operated valves may be provided, as, for example, the valves 73, 74, movable by arms engaged by adjustable means, such as the mentioned tapets 70, 71 and additional tappets 75, 76. ressu're valves may be provided, and it will be understood that all exhaust fluid, in-. cluding that which may escape the outlet 63 of the valve 56, may be collected in a sump (not shown) 7 or elsewhere and returned by pump P to tank 43' or otherwise conserved.

In the organization last described, it will be understood that, instead of employing means such as a pitman connected at 7 9 to impart positive movement to the rod 70, or

its equivalent, thereby using the movement? of the piston to drive the operating fluid and reciprocate plunger 11, I may employ said piston merely as a part of a valve control system, the timing of all cooperating -elements in the operating organization shown in Fig. 4: being variable by the adjustment of the arms 68, 69 or their equivalent, and by the adjustment of means such as the respective tappets optionally mounted,

' as described, on the sliding rod 67. It will be understood that, in any operating rgani- 'zation of the general type disclosed i Figs.

4 and 5, the capacity of the cylinder or surge tank C'- is intended to be substantially greater than that of the lower cylinder 13, in order to permit of any necessary allowance "for leakage or expansion and contraction; and .also that the described adjust- 'ments, or the form of the cam groove of cam 37, should be such as to keep the plunger 11 or'piston 14 fromreaching an extreme or ermit esired bumping position and such as to the lifting stroke to occupy any fraction of the time required for a complete cycle of operations. 1

Although, I have herein described and diagrammatically illustrated a comparatively complete typical embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that the various features thereof might/be independently employed and also that numerous additional modifications might be devised by those skilled in the art, without the slightest departure from the spirit and scope of my invention, as the same 'is indicated above and n. he cll wmg clalms.

prising a cylinder, a second piston adapted to reciprocate in saidcylinder, a rod extendlng from each side of said second pis- 'ton, and'valves on the free ends of said'rod, 'said'valves being adapted to open' and close passages in said pipes.

2. In a pumping system, the combination of: an-hydraulic pump comprising a plunger carrying a piston; a pressure supply tank adapte to contain an operating liquid;

'pipes extendingfrom said tank and to said pump; and an interposed operating head comprising means for varying the alternations of pressure through said pipes on opposite sides. of-said plunger, said means comprising a branch pipe line from one of said pipes, a cylinder connected to said branch line, a secondpiston adapted to reciprocatein said cylinder, a rod extending from each side of said second piston, and valves on the free ends of said rod, said valves being adapted to open and close passages in said pipes.

3. In a pumping system, the combination. of: an hydraulic pump comprising a plunger carrying a piston; a pressure supply tank adapted to contain an operating liquid: pipes extending from said tank and to said pump and an interposed operating head comprising means for varying the alternations of ressure through said pipes on opposite si es of said plunger, said means comprising a cylinder, 9. second piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a rod extending fromj'each side of said second piston, valves on the free ends 'of said rod, said valve being adapted to open and close passages in said pipes, and a valve for controlling the movement of said second piston.

4. In a pumping system, the combination of; an hydraulic pump comprising: a plunger carrying a piston; a pressure supply tank adaptedto contain an operating liquid; pipes extending from said tank and to said pump; and an interposed operating head comprising means for varying the alternations of pressure through said pipes on opposite sides of said plunger, said means comprising a cylinder, a second piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a rod extending from each side of said second iston, Valves on the free ends of said IOC, said valves being adapted to open and close passages 1n sa1d pipes, a valve for controlling the movement of said second piston, and

means for controlling the last mentioned valve. V

5, In a pumping system, the combination of: an hydraulic pump comprising a plunger carrying a piston; a pressure supply tank adaptedto contain an'operatin liquid; pipes extending from said tank an to said pump; and an interposed operating head comprising means for varying the alternations of pressure through said pipes on opposite sides of said plunger, said means coni- I of: an hydraulic pump comprising a plunger carrying a piston; a pressure supply tank adapted to contain an operating liquid; pipes extending from said tank and to said pump; and an interposed operating head comprising means for varying the alternations of ressure through said pipes on opposite si es of said plunger, said means comprising a cylinder, a. second piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a rodextending from each side of said second (piston, valves on the free ends of said ro said valves being adapted to open and close passages in said pipes, a valve for controlling the movement of said second piston, a rod adapted to actuate the last; mentioned valve, and a third piston operating in a cylinder for actuating the last mentioned rod.

7. In a pum ing system, the combination of: an hydrau ic pump comprising a plunger carrying a piston; a pressure supply tank adapted to contain an operating liquid;

pipes extending from said tank and to said pump; and an interposed operating head comprising means for varyin the alternations of pressure through sai ipes on opposite sides of said plunger, sai means comprising a cylinder, a second piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a rod extendin from each side of 'said second piston, va ves on the free ends of said rod, said valves being adapted to open and closepassagesin said pi es, a valve for controlling the movement 0 said second piston, a member adapted to actuate the last mentioned valve, 9. second cylinder having communication with the first cylinder, a piston in said-second c linder, a rod extending from the opposite aces of the last mentioned piston, and means on the ends of the last mentioned rod for actuating said member.

8. In a pumping system, the combination of: an hydraulic pump comprising a plunger carrying a piston; a pressure supply tank adapted to contain an operating liquid; pipes extending from said tank and to said pump; and an interposed operatin head comprising means for varyin the alternations of pressure through sai posite sides of said plunger, said means comprising a cylinder, a second piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a rod extending from each side of said second piston, valves on the freeends of said rod.

said valves being adapted to open and close passages in said pipes, a valve for controlin the movement of said second piston, an means for controlling the last mentioned valve and for controlling the outlet of operating fluid from said pipes.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California,

this 24th day of June, 1924.

CHARLES E. H. LLOYD.

pipes on op-' 

